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Military exposure and kidney stones among US adults: findings from 2007–2018 NHANES
  1. Yidi Wang1,2,
  2. J Ni2,
  3. W Mao1,3,
  4. H Zhang2,
  5. L Yin4,
  6. T Zhang1,
  7. K Wang1,2,
  8. S Chen3 and
  9. M Chen3
  1. 1 Department of Urology, Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
  2. 2 Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
  3. 3 Department of Urology, Southeast University Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
  4. 4 Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
  1. Correspondence to Dr K Wang, Department of Urology, Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, Shanghai, China; wangkeyi0910{at}163.com; Professor S Chen, Department of Urology, Southeast University Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China; chenshuqiuseu{at}163.com; Professor M Chen, Department of Urology, Southeast University Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China; mingchenseu{at}126.com

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjmilitary-2022-002117

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    Kidney stones are one of the common diseases in urology, and the formation is a complex multistep process.1 Many studies have confirmed that certain diseases are significantly more prevalent in veterans than in civilians.2 3 However, no studies have examined the association between military exposure and kidney stones. Here, the aim of this study was to investigate whether military exposure status in a representative US population sample from the 2007–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was associated with kidney stone risk.

    Based on the screening process in online supplemental figure S1, 27 826 eligible individuals were available for follow-up analysis. Online supplemental tables S1 and S2 show the baseline clinical characteristics of all participants. In online supplemental table S1, 2664 (9.6%) responded with a history of kidney stone. The χ² test showed that a significantly higher proportion of the kidney stone group reported a history of military exposure than the non-kidney stone group (17.6% vs 10.3%, p<0.001). In online supplemental table S2, the overall …

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    Footnotes

    • YW, JN, WM and HZ are joint first authors.

    • Contributors Conception and design: YW, SC, KW and MC. Administrative support: YW, JN, WM and HZ. Provision of study materials or patients: YW, WM, LY and TZ. Collection and assembly of data: YW and KW. Data analysis and interpretation: YW, JN, WM and KW. Manuscript writing: YW, JN, WM and HZ. Final approval of manuscript: all authors. YW is responsible for the overall content as guarantor.

    • Funding This study was funded by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20201271); Innovative Team of Jiangsu Province (2017ZXKJQW07); Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program (BE2019751); National Natural Science Foundation of China (82070773); The National Key Research and Development Program of China (SQ2017YFSF090096).

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Supplemental material This content has been supplied by the author(s). It has not been vetted by BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) and may not have been peer-reviewed. Any opinions or recommendations discussed are solely those of the author(s) and are not endorsed by BMJ. BMJ disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the content. Where the content includes any translated material, BMJ does not warrant the accuracy and reliability of the translations (including but not limited to local regulations, clinical guidelines, terminology, drug names and drug dosages), and is not responsible for any error and/or omissions arising from translation and adaptation or otherwise.