Perceived hazardous work environment
| Ship officers (n=146) | Submarine officers (n=98) | χ2 | P value | |
| Frequency (%) | Frequency (%) | |||
| Toxic chemicals | ||||
| Yes | 40 (27.4%) | 20 (20.4%) | 1.545 | 0.214 |
| No | 106 (72.6%) | 78 (79.6%) | ||
| Dangerous tools, equipment or machinery | ||||
| Yes | 77 (52.7%) | 45 (45.9%) | 1.091 | 0.296 |
| No | 69 (47.3%) | 53 (54.1%) | ||
| Fire, burning or electrical shock | ||||
| Yes | 62 (42.5%) | 34 (34.7%) | 1.484 | 0.223 |
| No | 84 (57.5%) | 64 (65.3%) | ||
| Air pollution | ||||
| Yes | 82 (56.2%) | 66 (67.3%) | 3.073 | 0.080 |
| No | 64 (43.8%) | 32 (32.7%) | ||
| Noise | ||||
| Yes | 80 (54.8%) | 42 (42.9%) | 3.342 | 0.068 |
| No | 66 (45.2%) | 56 (57.1%) | ||
| Vibration | ||||
| Yes | 93 (63.7%) | 44 (44.9%) | 8.418 | 0.004 |
| No | 53 (36.3%) | 54 (55.1%) | ||
| Thermal discomfort during summer or winter | ||||
| Yes | 27 (18.5%) | 2 (2.0%) | 15.156 | <0.001 |
| No | 119 (81.5%) | 96 (98.0%) | ||
| Lack of personal space for privacy | ||||
| Yes | 80 (54.8%) | 71 (72.4%) | 7.749 | 0.005 |
| No | 66 (45.2%) | 27 (27.6%) | ||