n | % | Difference in BMI | P value* | ||
Mean | SD | ||||
Age (years) | |||||
<20 | 69 | 3.5 | −0.09 | 4.46 | 0.8626 |
20–21 | 1521 | 77.1 | 0.13 | 4.73 | 0.2808 |
≥22 | 382 | 19.4 | 0.16 | 4.72 | 0.4999 |
Educational level | |||||
High school | 288 | 14.6 | 0.26 | 4.88 | 0.3642 |
College or above | 1684 | 85.4 | 0.11 | 4.69 | 0.3507 |
Smoking status | |||||
Non-smoker | 1039 | 52.7 | −0.08 | 4.82 | 0.6145 |
Ex-smoker | 173 | 8.8 | 0.39 | 4.50 | 0.2538 |
Current smoker | 760 | 38.5 | 0.35 | 4.62 | 0.0372 |
Subjective health status | |||||
Good | 1148 | 58.2 | 0.05 | 4.61 | 0.6923 |
Normal | 677 | 34.3 | 0.16 | 4.79 | 0.3857 |
Poor | 147 | 7.5 | 0.58 | 5.24 | 0.1825 |
Physical activity (MET-min/week) | |||||
<600 | 376 | 19.1 | 0.45 | 4.81 | 0.0695 |
600–3000 | 661 | 33.5 | −0.13 | 4.75 | 0.4801 |
>3000 | 935 | 47.4 | 0.18 | 4.66 | 0.2285 |
Strength training | |||||
None | 436 | 22.1 | 0.47 | 4.93 | 0.0454 |
1–2 times per week | 460 | 23.3 | 0.01 | 5.10 | 0.9642 |
≥3 times per week | 1076 | 54.6 | 0.04 | 4.45 | 0.7656 |
Sleep duration (hours/day) | |||||
<6 | 59 | 3.0 | −0.15 | 4.10 | 0.7747 |
6–7 | 1273 | 64.6 | 0.13 | 4.72 | 0.3299 |
≥8 | 640 | 32.5 | 0.16 | 4.77 | 0.4085 |
Sleep disturbance | |||||
No | 1724 | 87.4 | 0.10 | 4.69 | 0.3840 |
Yes | 248 | 12.6 | 0.34 | 4.92 | 0.2710 |
Stress | |||||
None | 534 | 27.1 | 0.09 | 4.57 | 0.6662 |
Moderate | 893 | 45.3 | 0.37 | 4.49 | 0.0148 |
Severe | 545 | 27.6 | −0.22 | 5.19 | 0.3285 |
Depression | |||||
No | 1915 | 97.1 | 0.12 | 4.72 | 0.2831 |
Yes | 57 | 2.9 | 0.59 | 4.78 | 0.3598 |
Total | 1972 | 100 | 0.13 | 4.72 | 0.2238 |
*Analyses were performed using paired t-test.
BMI, body mass index; MET, metabolic equivalent of task.